Birth Control Pills: Combined Oral Contraceptives Explained

Description of the Method

Birth control pills, also known as combined oral contraceptives, contain both estrogen and progestin. They are taken daily to prevent pregnancy by stopping ovulation and thickening cervical mucus.

Effectiveness

When taken correctly, birth control pills are over 99% effective. With typical use, their effectiveness drops to about 91% due to missed pills.

How to Get It

Birth control pills require a prescription from a healthcare provider. They are available at pharmacies and some clinics.

Side Effects

Common side effects include nausea, breast tenderness, spotting between periods, and mild headaches. Serious side effects are rare but can include blood clots.

Pros and Cons

Pros:

• Highly effective when used correctly
• Can regulate periods and reduce menstrual cramps
• May improve acne
• Fertility returns quickly after stopping

Cons:

• Must be taken daily
• May cause side effects
• Does not protect against STIs

Contraindications

Birth control pills are not recommended for women who smoke and are over 35, have a history of blood clots, certain cancers, or uncontrolled high blood pressure.